Long-acting, immediately reversible and highly effective (99.2-99.8%), the IUD is recommended as the first-line method of contraception. They are great for youth, adolescents, adults, immediate postpartum and for later reproductive years including peri-menopausal women experiencing abnormal periods.
Hormonal IUDs are also used for cycle control in women struggling with heavy and/or painful periods.
One of the greatest benefits of an IUD ,is that its success does not depend on the user, as once it is placed, you can simply forget and not worry. Also, it is discrete and cost-effective.
IUDs are also effective as emergency contraception if placed within seven days of unprotected intercourse.
Many GPs do not offer IUD insertions or placements, so we’re here for you.
The IUD is a small, soft T-shaped device that is inserted into your uterus, also known as your womb, to prevent pregnancy.
Some IUDs contain a hormone (Mirena and Kyleena LNG IUS) called progesterone which can reduce menstrual bleeding or stop menstruation altogether.
Whereas , Copper IUDs , are hormone free and the top choice for women who want to avoid hormones.
Let’s sit down and see what best suits your lifestyle.
An IUD is one of the most effective contraception methods – it is 99% effective and lasts between 3 to 8 years, depending on the type.
There are two styles of IUDs available in Canada.
1. Mirena or Kyleena are hormonal (progesterone-based) IUDs and are free of Estrogen . Mirena can be used for up to 8 years for contraception in women 25 years or older. For women younger than 25, it's effective for 5 years. Kyleena IUD is a 5 year device. Mirena is also indicated for management of heavy or painful periods.
Mirena and Kyleena IUD continuously release low levels of levonorgestrel, which is a progestin, much like the hormone progesterone produced by the ovaries. Levonorgestrel thickens cervical mucous so sperm and ovum do not meet. It also thins the lining of the uterus, which means your periods will become lighter and might stop altogether, making it an excellent choice for women with heavy periods, or for athlete’s, or any women wanting to avoid menstrual bleeding.
The IUD can be removed at anytime, is safe in breastfeeding and does not effect fertility .
2. Copper IUD is the only form of brith control that is completely hormone free and are an excellent choice for women who prefer to avoid hormones for whatever reason including breastfeeding mothers and women with depression or anxiety who want to avoid hormones that might alter mood.
Copper IUDs have a lifespan of 3, 5 or 10 years depending on the style.
It consists of a small piece of flexible plastic, shaped like a T , that has copper wrapped around it. That’s why it’s called a copper IUD.
Non-hormonal Copper IUDs release copper into the uterine cavity preventing pregnancy by stopping sperm from fertilizing an egg and reducing sperm movement. It also causes thickening of the cervical mucous which acts as a plug preventing sperm from entering the uterus.
The copper that is released inside the uterus can make the periods last longer, or they might become more painful and/or heavier which ususally settles after the first few cycles . However, if this persists at 6 months speak to your health-care provider heavy flow can lead to Iron loss and anaemia.
The IUD can be inserted anytime during your cycle as long as we can confirm you are not pregnant. For women who have never been pregnant, it is sometimes best to book your appointment for an IUD insertion during or just after your period.
In most women, the procedure lasts than five minutes. Dr Gerber uses breathing techniques to support comfortable insertion. Freezing is provided to patients as needed.
The IUD is placed into your womb with sterile instruments. Depending on the individual, there may be a small pinch and memstrual like cramping.
If you are sensitive to procedures, we recommend arranging a ride home.
Most women return to work immediately after an IUD insertion or IUD removal. For the first 24 hours, avoid placing anything inside the vagina - this lowers the risk of infection. We recommend showers and use of pads or panty liners during this time. After 24 hours, resume all normal activities including hot tubs, swimming, use of menstrual cups or tampons.
MIRENA or KYLEENA IUDs are effective after 7 days following IUD insertion . If you were not using birth control use condoms or avoid sex for the first week . If you were using the pill, patch or ring , continue this method for 7 days or avoid sex for the first week.
Copper IUDs are effective immediately following IUD insertion and do not require an overlap with other contraception eg. condoms.
If you experienc low grade cramping after the procedure take Ibuprofen or Tylenol or use a heating pad.
IUD STRING CHECKS: Examining yourself for the IUD thread/string reassures you that your IUD is in place and working. You can do this by Inserting your middle finger into the vagina, until you reach the cervix which feels rubbery and firm . The IUD threads should be coming out of your cervix . Many women struggle to find the strings at first. It takes practice. You can try different positions or ask your partner to feel for the strings. If you are worried, use condoms, take a pregnancy test and see your doctor or a walk in clinic for a string check .
Never pull on your IUD stringes as this can cause it move out of place or fall out.
Routinely, checking your IUD srtings can help determine if your IUD has moved. IUDs that move out of place often do so in the first few months after insertion or during a menstrual period.
If the strings feel longer or shorter than the last time you checked them, or you feel the hard part of the IUD against your cervix your IUD may have moved. Use condoms and contact your primary healthcare practioner .
When you choose to change contraception methods, plan a pregnancy, replace your expiring IUD or simply discontinue use, the IUD can be easily removed at our clinic.
To prevent any chance of pregnancy, you should not have sex or must use condoms for at least one week before IUD removal . If you plan on swtiching to the pill, patch or ring, start 7 days before your IUD removal appointment .
IUD removal is a straightforward procedure with mild cramping . We use sterile instruments to grasp the threads and slide the IUD from within your uterus. If the IUD threads can't be seen, the removal can be trickier requiring instruments to find it.
Occasionally , if the IUD can't be removed in our office , a referral to a gynecologist might be necessary . In some cases ,minor surgery is required to remove an IUD .
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